1. Is it plausible that the developing brain never evolved to cope with exposure to maltreatment and so is damaged in a nonadaptive manner?

2. Apyrene sperm may contribute to (i) nonadaptive errors during spermatogenesis, (ii) the transport or activation of eupyrene sperm for successful fertilization, (iii) enhanced fertilization success in the presence of sperm competition, and (iv) nutrients for females or eupyrene sperm