1. The second law of thermodynamics describes why a catalyst does not change the chemical equilibrium of a reaction.

2. At either the analogous or Antilogous pole, inner rim compositions proximal to the detrital cores converge, despite the substrate tourmaline composition, indicating an approach to chemical equilibrium

3. One to the achievement of chemical equilibrium in the aqueous-ethanolic solution, the constituents of acetic acid ester (acetates) decrease, the diethylesters of some dicarboxylic acids increase.

4. Nitric acid oxidizes the metal to +3 ions, but only in minute amounts, typically undetectable in the pure acid because of the chemical equilibrium of the reaction.

5. Cementitious materials are essentially porous solids consisting of a complex mixture of crystalline and gel-like phases with an interstitial pore solution that is in chemical equilibrium with the solid phase.

6. Crystallization is a method for transforming a solution into a solid, where a supersaturated solution nucleates the solute by a chemical equilibrium controlled process. Uniform particles with well-defined morphology are formed, and these readily re-dissolve